Depending on the reaction, a signal is sent along nerve fibers from your tongue to your brain, which distinguishes the tastes. On your tongue, they set off different reactions. When these chemicals come in contact with your taste buds, which are located in most of the bumpy When you eat a food, enzymes in your saliva break it down into chemicals. Scientists now believe that all taste buds can detect the basic tastes: salt, sweet, sour, bitter, and umami (a taste in protein-rich foods). Why has Hanig’s work been misinterpreted for so long? Probably because the diagrams were meant to serve as visual representations of the variations in taste sensitivity in different areas of the tongue, not describe how meaningful the variations were. She found that there were variations along the perimeter of the tongue in detecting sweet, sour, and salty tastes, but concluded that the variations were small and of no practical significance. , re-examined the differences in taste perception across the tongue. Evidence Against the Health ClaimĪ 1974 study by researcher Virginia Collings, published in
Upon looking at tongue maps, many people mistakenly assumed that sweet tastes can only be detected on the tip of the tongue, bitter on the base, and so on. Hanig’s and Boring’s diagrams led to the labeling of tongue maps. Boring performed calculations that supported Hanig’s findings, indicating variations in taste sensitivity among different regions of the tongue. Sensation and Perception in the History of Experimental Psychology In 1942, researcher Edwin Boring discussed Hanig’s data in his book, He found that saltiness was perceived equally on all areas of the tongue’s perimeter. Hanig’s diagram indicated that sensitivity to sweet tastes was highest on the tip of the tongue, sensitivity to bitter tastes was highest at the base, and sensitivity to sour tastes was highest on the edges. In which he presented a diagram summarizing his research on the distribution of taste sensitivity around the perimeter of the tongue. In 1901, the German scientist Herr Hanig published his PhD thesis in
However, most scientists now believe that taste buds can detect all tastes, and the sensitivity differences along the perimeter of the tongue are of probably no significance. This map led many people to believe that there are different types of taste buds on different areas of the tongue, each with the ability to detect one of the four basic tastes. According to the map, we detect sweetness on the tip of our tongue, bitterness at the back, and saltiness and sourness along the sides. The tongue map is a picture of the tongue displaying areas of taste sensitivities. Most people are familiar with the “tongue map” from grade school. Also, your sense of taste helps warn you of poisonous substances, which are likely to have an unpleasant taste. If it were not for taste, you might not consume the calories needed to grow and function. Your sense of taste not only lets you enjoy delicious foods, but it also helps keep you alive and healthy. True or False: Different Parts of the Tongue Sense Different Tastes
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